Cultivation of Capsicum

Shubh Patel July 15, 2020 vegetables,

Cultivation of capsicum

Ø Botanical name- Capsicum annuum V.grossum
Ø Family – Solanaceae
Ø Chromosome number- 2n= 2x=24
Ø Highest production in world- China
Ø Highest production in India- Himachal Pradesh
Ø Other name – Bell pepper, sweet pepper, Shimla mirch
Ø Temperature range – 20-25C
Ø Capsicum are rich in Vit –A (8493IU) and Vitamin C (283 mg)
Ø Seed rate
Normal : 1.25 kg/ha
Hybrids : 200 g / ha
Ø 16000-20000 seedlings are required for one hec planting.
Ø Season = September-October
Ø Spacing of 60 x 30 cm.
Ø The pruning is done after 30 days of transplanting at an interval of 8 to 10 days.

Important varieties
Ø Determinate= Yolo wander, California wonder
Ø Indeterminate = Commandant F1 , Admiral F1 ,Nemalite F1, Green bell F1.
Ø Arka Gaurav = Introduced from USA , Tolerant to bacterial wilt
Ø Arka mohini = Introduced from USA
Ø Arka basant = introduced from hungry
Ø First hybrid of capsicum = IAHS: Bharat (indo American hybrid seeds, banglore,1973)
Ø Other varieties = Green Gold, Bharath, Sweet banana.

Harvesting and yield
Ø Harvesting =
·        Green = 55-60 days after transplanting.
·        Yellow= 70-75 days after transplanting.
·        Red = 85-90 days after transplanting.
Ø Yield: 15 tonnes/ha in 150-160 days.