Horticulture Terminology(definitions of some terms)

 

Definitions of  some  terms Part -1

·         Andromonoecious= Staminate and hermaphrodite flowers on same plant.

·         Staminate= having stamens but no pistils. 'Males produce only staminate flowers with stamens and no vestigial pistils.

o   First Known Use of staminate by circa 1850, in the meaning defined at “having or producing stamens”

·         Stamen=  male reproductive part of a flower which bears pollen , consisting of the filament and the anther.

·         Pistillate - having pistils but no stamens

·         Pistils=  the female reproductive part or the ovule-bearing or seed-bearing female organ of a flower

·         Hermaphrodite = Hermaphrodite is used in botany to describe a flower that has both staminate (male, pollen-producing) and pistillate (female, ovule-producing) parts.

·          Monoecious= Male and female flowers on same plant.

·         Dioecious =Staminate (male) and pistillate (female) flowers on separate plants.

·          Gynoecious= Producing predominantly, or only, female flowers.

·         Gynomonoecious: having both bisexual and female flowers on the same plant

·         Annual Plant= that completes life cycle (sets seed) and dies in one year.

·         Biennial Plant =that completes life cycle (sets seed) and dies in two years.

·         Perennial= Plants persisting for three years or more

·         Axillary bud= Bud occurring in the leaf axil, as in Brussels’ sprouts

·         axil - the angle between the upper side of the stem and a leaf, branch, or petiole.

·         Leaf=A leaf is the principal lateral appendage of the vascular plant stem, usually borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis.  Leaves are collectively referred to as foliage, as in "autumn foliage"

·         Branch= A branch or tree branch is a woody structural member connected to but not part of the central trunk of a tree. Large branches are known as boughs and small branches are known as twigs.

·         twig refers to a terminus,

·         bough refers only to branches coming directly from the trunk

·         Berry =Fruit flesh throughout

·         Bolt =Develop inflorescenc prematurely, as in lettuce and spinach

·         Bract= Modifie leaf or scale at base of flower

·         Bulb =Bud surrounded by flesh and papery scales attached to stem plate

·         Calyx= Sepals or outer whorl of perianth

·         Carpel= Individual unit of compound pistil

·         Caryopsis= Fruit (grain) of grass, as in sweet corn

·         Corm= Vertically oriented flesh , solid stem at or below soil surface, e.g., taro

·         Cortex =Storage tissues of root or stem, between epidermis and vascular tissue

·         Cultivar= Group of cultivated plants with distinguishing characteristics that are retained when plants are reproduced

·         Curd= Fleshy inflorescenc with flower buds undifferentiated, e.g., cauliflower

·         Determinant= Branch stops growing at flowering

·         Endocarp =Inner layer of flesh fruit wall

·         Endodermis =Inner layer of cortex, adjacent to vascular tissue

·         Epidermis= Thin outer layer of leaf, stem, or root

·         Exocarp= Outermost layer (e.g., rind or skin) of fruit wall

·         Floret= Small flower on inflorescence e.g., artichoke

·         Fruit =Mature ovary.

·         Indeterminant= Branch continues to grow after flowering starts

·         Legume= Single carpel fruit with two sutures, seed attached along one suture

·         Lenticel =Raised, unsuberized dot or pore for gas exchange

·         Mesocarp= Middle layer of pericarp or fruit wall

·         Locule= Seed cavity of fruit. Also compartment of ovary or anther

·         Midrib= Pronounced central vein of leaf

·         Node= Enlarged area on stem where buds emerge

·         Pedicel= Stalk or stem of individual flower or flore

·         Peduncle= Primary flower stalk of inflorescence

·         Pepo= Cucurbit fruit, leathery or woody exocarp inseparable from endocarp

·         Perfect flower= Flower with both male and female parts

·         Pericarp= Fruit wall

·         Petiole= Leaf stalk

·         Rhizome= Horizontally oriented underground stem modified for storage, with nodes capable of forming new roots and shoots

·         Scales= Fleshy or dry modifie leaves of a bulb

·         Silique= Specialized fruit of Brassicaceae, with two fused carpels

·         Stele= Central core of vascular strengthening tissue in roots and stems

·         Tuber= Fleshy, enlarged stems occurring at end of rhizomes

 

 

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